A black widow (Latrodectus) spider envenomation contains what primary toxin that leads to the release of what two primary neurotransmitters?
According to the cited reference, “The primary toxin responsible for the envenomation syndrome in humans is α-latrotoxin. The neurotoxin binds to specific presynaptic receptors (neurexin 1a and CIRL) that precipitate neurotransmitter release, particularly norepinephrine and acetylcholine.”
Offerman, Steven R et al. “The treatment of black widow spider envenomation with antivenin latrodectus mactans: a case series.” The Permanente journal vol. 15,3 (2011): 76-81. doi:10.7812/TPP/10-136
Contributed by Vincent Gao, Pharm D candidate
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