Administrator Clintox - One

What was the effect of IV calcium chloride used for hyperkalemia due to acute digoxin toxicity in a porcine model? While no definitive conclusion, the administration of IV calcium chloride for hyperkalemia in digoxin toxicity does not appear to be as detrimental as older literature…

What is the benefit of IV single bag high dose NAC when compared with standard triple bag IV NAC in high-risk acetaminophen ingestions? In a recent retrospective study the outcome of severe hepatotoxicity in high risk acetaminophen ingestion was compared between the standard triple bag…

In a recent study evaluating the use of high dose NAC for massive acetaminophen overdose, was there a statistically significant difference in outcome compared to standard dose? This study was unable to identify a statistically significant difference between high dose and standard dose NAC used…

In the case series examining the use of fomepizole as an adjunct in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose, what is the proposed mechanism for how fomepizole would reduce hepatotoxicity in patients with acetaminophen toxicity? Fomepizole is a CYP2E1 inhibitor, which can prevent acetaminophen conversion to…

What is Tyrolean Infantile Cirrhosis? Tyrolean Infantile Cirrhosis is a non-Wilsons hepatic copper toxicosis. According to the cited reference 138 infants and young children died between 1900 and 1974 from this combination of genetic predisposition and high dietary copper intake from cooking utensiles. Muller T,…

What were the “T’s and Blues”? “T’s and Blues” described the IV use of pentazocine (a mu and kappa opioid receptor agonist; “T” came from the tradename Talwin) and tripelennamine (an antihistamine with a light blue color). Users crushed the two oral medications in order…

In a retrospective study from two databases in Australia, the authors described oral potassium overdoses greater than or equal to six grams, over twelve year period. All 12 ingestions were 600 mg sustained-release tablets of potassium chloride. What percentage of patients had severe hyperkalemia with…

Clove oil results in toxicity in children in very small doses. What is the toxin and what is the proposed antidote? Less than 5 mL of clove oil can result in toxicity in pediatric patients. The mechanism of toxicity is incompletely understood but animal models…

A recent study analyzed the currently accepted dosing scheme of fomepizole in CRRT. What is the newly proposed dosing interval? This small study showed that dosing fomepizole every 8 hours during CRRT was sufficient in maintaining the minimum required plasma concentration. Lao YE, Vartdal T,…