Administrator Clintox - One

According to the paper by Graudins and Druda, what effects on the heart has levosimendan shown in animal models in cases of calcium channel blocker and beta-blocker toxicity? Increases cardiac output without increasing blood pressure 2Graudins A, Lee HM, Druda D. Calcium channel antagonist and…

Name two substances that can potentially lead to a false elevation in serum salicylate concentration? Dinitrophenol; Thiocyanate 1.Kopec KT et al. Dinitrophenol Fatality Associated with a Falsely Elevated Salicylate Level: A case Report with Verification of laboratory cross reactivity. JMT 2018; 14(4): 323-326 ; 2….

A 36 yo male presents to the ED in Turkey with complaints of weakness, muscle pain and dark urine. What did he ingest? Quail meat. Coturnix coturnix coturnix is a small migratory quail and toxicity is associated with the European subspecies. Consumption of these birds…

This pigeon is known to acquire monofluoracetate. The Bronzewings (Phaps elegans and Phaps chalcoptera) are medium sized pigeons native to Australia. Yeung KA et al. Avian Toxins and Poisoning Mechanisms. JMT 2022. Published online 26 April 2022.

What is a theoretical antidote to reverse the effects from a dendrobatid frog? Poison dart frogs are from the family Dendrobatidae and their toxin is batrachotoxins. While no antidote exists, tetrodotoxin could theoretically be used because of its antagonistic effect on sodium channels. Yeung KA…

What foaming agent that is commonly found in tooth pastes as well as foods and other personal care products is associated with recurrent aphthous ulcers. It is suggested that the denaturing effect of SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE on the oral mucin layer, with exposure of the…

p-hydroxylated mandelonitrile, better known as taxiphyllin, is found in this vegetable? Bamboo shoots. Bamboo is a plant that produces cyanogenic glycosides. When bamboo shoots are disrupted by cutting or peeling, a glycosidase enzyme in the shoot hydrolyzes the glycoside and produces hydrogen cyanide gas. Sang-A-Gad…

The glycolate concentration, in an ethylene glycol poisoned patient, is a predictor of what? The optimal glycolate concentration threshold for predicting acute kidney injury was 12.9 mmol/L (98 mg/dL) with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 88.1%. Death is unlikely if the glycolate…

What surrogate marker best correlates the glycolate concentration in ethylene glycol poisoned patients? Anion gap. In a recent systematic review by Roberts DM et al., the anion gap was the surrogate marker that best correlated with the glycolate concentration. The anion gap outperformed other acid-based…

In a recent retrospective study of children presenting to five pediatric hospitals in Italy with a diagnosis of methemoglobinemia, what was the main culprit? In a recent retrospective review by Raucci U et al. of 19 pediatric cases of acquired methemoglobinemia, 94% of the cases…