Administrator Clintox - One

Historical QOD 11/4/08: What is the predominant histopathological finding in the livers of patients who have died from poisonings from phosphide-containing pesticides? Fine cytoplasmic vacuolization (seen in almost 95% of fatalities). This vacuolization was distributed uniformly in all hepatic zones in 75% of cases. Forensic…

What pathway leads to insulin resistance in calcium channel blocker overdose? Calcium channel blockers cause dysregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway for glucose entry by inhibiting protein kinase B, resulting in insulin resistance and need for high doses of insulin (1-10 units/kg/hr) to treat myocardial…

Common symptoms of acute carbon monoxide poisoning include headache, dizziness, vomiting, and chest pain. What are long term complications of CO poisoning? Delayed neurologic sequelae (DNS) which includes symptoms of dementia, amnestic syndromes, psychosis, Parkinsonism, and peripheral neuropathy. DNS is most likely to occur in…

Yew plants (from which paclitaxel was derived) contain Taxine A and B which at toxic levels can cause bradycardia, dysrhythmias, hypotension, seizures, and cardiac arrest. By what mechanism does this occur? An increase in cytoplasmic calcium via a dose-dependent inhibition of both calcium channel and…

In a multicenter retrospective review evaluating seizure risk with escitalopram and citalopram, which agent was associated with increased risk of seizures? Citalopram Yilmaz Z, Ceschi A, Rauber-Lüthy C, Sauer O, Stedtler U, Prasa D, Seidel C, Hackl E, Hoffmann-Walbeck P, Gerber-Zupan G, Bauer K, Kupferschmidt…

Historical QOD 11/3/08: Acromelic acids are the probable etiologic agents of what disorder associated with consumption of mushrooms? Erythromelalgia from Clitocybe mushrooms (Toxicological Reviews, 2006, 25(3):199-209)

In a recent case report a large consumption of vanilla essence containing glycerol mimicked which type of toxic exposure? Toxic alcohols Coulson L, Surla A, Tran V, Hoggett K. Severe glycerol intoxication mimicking toxic alcohol ingestion following large volume consumption of vanilla essence. Clin Toxicol…

In a recent retrospective cohort study of venlafaxine overdoses in non-diabetic patients, what amount of patients experienced mild to moderate hypoglycemia? One-third Bekka E, Eyer F. Dose-related hypoglycemia in venlafaxine poisoning: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Nov 4:1-9. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2138762. Epub ahead…

In a systematic review evaluating fatal serotonin syndrome cases, what was the most common symptom experienced among patients? Hyperthermia Prakash S, Rathore C, Rana K, Prakash A. Fatal serotonin syndrome: a systematic review of 56 cases in the literature. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021 Feb;59(2):89-100. doi:…

An evaluation of case reports of patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome found that dantrolene monotherapy appears to be associated with? A higher incidence of mortality. Reulbach U, Dütsch C, Biermann T, Sperling W, Thuerauf N, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Managing an effective treatment for neuroleptic…