Administrator Clintox - One

Historical QOD 10/30/08: Name the most significant dose-dependent side effect of therapy with ethambutol. Optic or retrobulbar neuritis may be seen with high-dose ethambutol therapy, typically only after 1.5 months. Dyschromatopsia is often the earliest indicator of toxicity, with blue-yellow color changes being the most…

In a retrospective review evaluating seizures associated with venlafaxine overdose, what percentage of patients experienced a seizure within 7-24 hours after ingestion? 25% Vo KT, Merriman AJ, Wang RC. Seizure in venlafaxine overdose: a 10-year retrospective review of the California poison control system. Clin Toxicol…

1. A new diagnostic test (“Cyanotest”) is being evaluated to rapidly determine the presence of cyanide toxicity (Gold Standard: Whole blood cyanide concentration > 40 micromol/L)1 in patients who are house fire victims. All patients in the study have whole blood cyanide concentrations obtained upon…

In a large cohort study examining the association of artificial sweetener intake and risk of cancer, what artificial sweetener had the highest associated risk of obesity-related and breast cancers? Aspartame Debras C, Chazelas E, Srour B, Druesne- Pecollo N, Esseddik Y, Szabo de Edelenyi F,…

In a case report of a zaleplon overdose, what antidote was found to have a possible effect on CNS depression? Flumazenil Jonas Höjer, Heléne Salmonson & Pierre Sundin (2002) Zaleplon-Induced Coma and Bluish Green Urine: Possible Antidotal Effect by Flumazenil, Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology,…

Historical QOD 10/29/08: Name common medications responsible for phencyclidine false-positive results on urine drug screen immunoassays. Common medications causing phencyclidine false-positives include dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, ibuprofen, ketamine, meperidine, tramadol, venlafaxine, imipramine, and doxylamine. Moeller KE, et al. Urine drug screening: practical guide for clinicians. Mayo Clin…

In a recent study utilizing NPDS data, what toxic substance was found to induce methemoglobinemia and has had an increasing exposure incidence due accessibility and promotion on social media for use in suicide? Sodium nitrite McCann SD, Tweet MS, Wahl MS. Rising incidence and high…

In a secondary data analysis of a consecutive cohort study, what outcome was sodium bicarbonate therapy associated with? This goal of this study was not to deter sodium bicarbonate use, but to emphasize the importance of close monitoring. Adverse cardiovascular events (ACVE) Shastry S, Ellis…

What therapy was found to be associated with higher survival rates compared with symptomatic care in amanitin mushroom toxicity in a review of 40 cases? Monotherapy with silibinin or benzylpenicillin and combination therapy with N-acetyl cysteine/silibinin Jia Lin Tan, Janine Stam, Aad P. van den…