Question - What is a so-called “hypochlorite accident”?
Answer- The cited article notes “Sodium hypochlorite (typically 1–5% solutions) is used extensively by dentists for cleaning root canals during endodontic therapy. Due to its antimicrobial and tissue dissolving properties, hypochlorite is ideal for this dental procedure, and is safe and effective if the solution remains within the root canal. Extrusions into the periapical area, commonly referred to as a hypochlorite accident are uncommon, but reported in the literature. Hypochlorite extrusion can result in oxidation of the surrounding tissue resulting in hemolysis and ulceration, the destruction of fibroblast and endothelial cells, and the prevention of neutrophil migration. Patients may suffer severe pain with localized large and diffuse swelling and hemorrhage.” (Slaughter RJ et al. The clinical toxicology of sodium hypochlorite. 2019 Clin Tox, DOI:10.1080/15563650.2018.1543889)